Abstract

Nearly 50% of all marine fish capture in the Philippines is from artisanal fisheries, most of which is un- or under-reported. As in many emerging nations around the world, the Philippines cannot fully address overfishing by managing only the 50% of catch that comes from commercial fisheries. In previous studies, community-managed marine protected areas (MPAs) in the Philippines indicated success in increasing fish abundance and biodiversity in some sites, though not all sites had the same results (Marriott et al. 2021). Using a large database of dependent and independent fisheries from Rare, an international non-governmental organization, and qualitative interviews we researched how social and ecological systems are connected within the small-scale fisheries in the Philippines. Specifically, we aimed to discover differences between villages in the Philippines that could be related to differences in biological outcomes.

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