Abstract

While most marine protected areas (MPAs) recognize the need for enforcement programs and the core importance of having enforcement personnel working in the field, effective and practical implementation of MPA enforcement is often times lacking. Unless someone with law enforcement training and experience is involved in MPA management, MPAs are often unfamiliar with the elements necessary for successful implementation of an enforcement program that will offer effective protection of the MPA’s natural resources. Not making matters any easier for the MPA manager, there is no one-size-fits-all solution for MPA enforcement since MPAs are unique when it comes to addressing enforcement needs and challenges.

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