Abstract

For six years the group of Experimental Marine Biology of the Sciences Faculty of the UNAM has developing some proyects to cover some aspects of the physiology and the nourishment of the white shrimp Penaeus setiferus in order to stimulate the use of this species for the shrimp culture in Atlantic coast of México. For practical reasons, the studies have been divided according to the different phases of the life cycle of the species. The requirements of lipids, the effect of the color of the light, the effect of the adults of Artemia franciscana in the broodstock diet, and the effect of different types of commercial food on the spawning of the females of P. setiferus have been determined. Also the effect of the temperature on the degeneration and the regeneration of the spermatophore of the males and the effect of the electroestimulation on the spermatic quality have been investigated. A feeding schedule for the larvae culture of P. setiferus has been proposed. This schedule includes the concentrations of diatoms, flagellateds, artemia nauplii, microparticulated food, microencapsulated food and artemia cysts. Also and based on purified diets, were studied the protein, lipids and carbohydrates requirements for postlarvae. The protein requirements for juvenile also they were investigated. Though other problems have been identified, the degeneration and melanization syndromes that affect the reproductive quality of the males in captivity remain as the main research problem. These syndromes restricts strongly the reproductive capabilities of the males, making complicated the massive production of shrimp nauplii. The form of resolv this problem and the future investigations are analyzed in the present work. To date the culture of larvae is possible to produce high-quality postlarvae, and it is possible to fatten adequately the postlarvae and the juveniles of P. serifems, following the nutritional requirements. Other environmental parameter shoulds be studied also. The form of facing them and the new investigations future are also approached.

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