Abstract

Goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara) have been traditionally targeted by the artisanal fishery in southern Belize in an area that encompasses numerous estuaries and nearshore cayes with extensive red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) cover. Fisher perceptions of decline in Goliath grouper abundance and size prompted an ongoing study on the species’ population size, structure and distribution in southern Belize. A market study of landings at the Punta Gorda fish market conducted between December 2005 and July 2007 recorded 1,180 Goliath grouper captured by 61 fishers. Landings were comprised of individuals ranging from 201mm to 2005 mm TL. Over 99% of all captures measured under 1100mm, the suggested minimum size for maturity in males. Set-line and long-line field surveys conducted throughout the rivers, coastline, and offshore areas including the Belize Barrier Reef (an area of ~4,000 km2) between January 2006 and March 2007 validated traditional fisher knowledge of Goliath grouper abundance hotspots gathered through structured surveys and focus group meetings. Over 98% of field-captured fish were juveniles located primarily in red mangrove lined estuaries or cayes. No spawning sites were identified. Goliath grouper were tagged conventionally before release and data from recaptures suggests site fidelity and rapid growth during early life stages. Results have provided the basis for discussions with local fishers, NGOs and Government on the conservation of this species in Belize.

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